{"id":33189,"date":"2021-03-18T19:57:24","date_gmt":"2021-03-18T13:57:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/?p=33189"},"modified":"2022-03-17T17:59:08","modified_gmt":"2022-03-17T11:59:08","slug":"step-by-step-guide-copyright-permissions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/step-by-step-guide-copyright-permissions\/","title":{"rendered":"Simple Step-by-Step Guide on How to Get Copyright Permission"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>It is a well-known fact that when authors submit their work to a journal, the latter owns the <strong>copyright<\/strong> to the article. In simple words, the creator licenses the <strong>copyright<\/strong> to the publisher and now cannot claim any rights (unless specified in the <strong>copyright<\/strong> agreement) while the license is in force. How to get permission to use copyrighted material? Are permissions necessary for adapting or redrawing a figure? How to find a <strong>copyright<\/strong> owner? Is there a <strong>copyright<\/strong> permission guide? What are the ways in which you can approach the <strong>copyright<\/strong> holder when you need to seek consent? Read ahead to find the answers to all these questions!<\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_74 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/step-by-step-guide-copyright-permissions\/#Reproduction_Adaptation_and_Redrawing_Whats_the_Difference\" >Reproduction, Adaptation and Redrawing: What\u2019s the Difference?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/step-by-step-guide-copyright-permissions\/#What_is_a_Publishing_ContractAgreement\" >What is a Publishing Contract\/Agreement?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/step-by-step-guide-copyright-permissions\/#Step-by-Step_Guide_to_Get_Copyright_Permissions\" >Step-by-Step Guide to Get Copyright Permissions<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/step-by-step-guide-copyright-permissions\/#How_to_Know_if_a_Work_is_Copyrighted\" >How to Know if a Work is Copyrighted<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Reproduction_Adaptation_and_Redrawing_Whats_the_Difference\"><\/span>Reproduction, Adaptation and Redrawing: What\u2019s the Difference?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<blockquote><p>Reproducing a figure refers to using it in exactly the same form as is published previously.<\/p>\n<p>Adaptation refers to making modifications (adding or deleting information) to the previously published form.<\/p>\n<p>Redrawn figures refer to figures that have been created using data or results acquired from different sources.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Let us understand the difference between an adapted and redrawn figure with an example. Assume that you are drafting a manuscript describing a new method of extraction, and you wish to demonstrate the extraction scheme in your methods section. You have identified another paper that has reported a similar extraction method, but you have used different materials or reagents in some steps. You can save a copy of the figure that presents the extraction scheme, edit it to suit your requirements and add it to your manuscript. This will be considered as an adapted figure and will require permission from the <strong>copyright<\/strong> owner.<\/p>\n<p>Alternatively, if you use the &#8220;extraction scheme figure&#8221; as a guide and redraw the extraction scheme from scratch, subsequently creating a new figure, it is known as \u201credrawing\u201d. A permission is not necessary in this case but as a rule of thumb you should always seek consent to redraw. This is important because there is no standard definition on what degree of change in the original figure qualifies for a new figure rather than an adaptation.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_is_a_Publishing_ContractAgreement\"><\/span>What is a Publishing Contract\/Agreement?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>When a manuscript is accepted for publication in a journal, the publisher signs an agreement with the author. This covers details such as:<\/p>\n<p>When will the manuscript be published?<\/p>\n<p>What will be the format of publication (online\/print or both)?<\/p>\n<p>How many copies will be made available to the author?<\/p>\n<p>Is the author entitled to any royalties? How will the royalties be shared between the author and the publisher?<\/p>\n<p>What will be the payment mode\/structure to the author?<\/p>\n<p>How will the <strong>copyright<\/strong> be managed?<\/p>\n<p>In general, <strong>copyright<\/strong> of articles is usually held by the publisher. Exceptions may occur in case of articles published in open access journals. They may have different re-use policies based on the Creative Commons license granted for that work. How do you proceed with getting <strong>copyright<\/strong> permission for reusing items from published articles? Let us have a quick understanding of the process using the following step-by-step guide.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Step-by-Step_Guide_to_Get_Copyright_Permissions\"><\/span>Step-by-Step Guide to Get Copyright Permissions<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3>Step 1: Determine if you require permission to use or adapt the original work<\/h3>\n<p>The first step involves identifying whether you need permission to use the work. There are two factors to consider when determine this:<\/p>\n<p>Does any law or IPR apply to the work?<\/p>\n<p>Will the intended use violate the law?<\/p>\n<p>Here are some ways to figure it out.<\/p>\n<p>Works that are not protected by intellectual property laws and freely available in the public domain can be used without seeking permission.<\/p>\n<p>If the items (schemes\/ figures\/ diagrams\/ tables) belong to any of your original and unpublished work, you can use it directly.<\/p>\n<p>Furthermore, if you have revised the item, say re-drawn a figure such that it appears significantly different from the original, you do not need to take permission. However, it is always a good practice to confirm the same with the original publisher that you have the authority to redraw the figure.<\/p>\n<p>In addition, you do not require consent if you have created a figure or table based on data or information obtained from another source. However, in both these cases, remember to cite or acknowledge the original work accurately.<\/p>\n<p>Permission is a requisite if you want to use\/modify or adapt a work that is under <strong>copyright<\/strong> protection.<\/p>\n<p>Lastly, the question that most researchers are concerned about is\u2014 &#8220;When can I use <strong>copyright<\/strong>ed material without permission?&#8221; Well, if the usage pertains to \u2018fair use of <strong>copyright<\/strong>ed work\u2019, no permission is required. Fair use includes using the work for the purpose of criticism, news reporting, teaching in classroom, research etc.<\/p>\n<h3>Step 2: Identify the copyright holder<\/h3>\n<p>In most cases, the publisher is the owner of the article&#8217;s <strong>copyright<\/strong> and has the authority to grant permission for re-use. If the publisher is not the owner of the <strong>copyright<\/strong>, a representative from the publishing group can direct you to the <strong>copyright<\/strong> owner.<\/p>\n<h3>Step 3: Send a request to the owner for permission to use the work<\/h3>\n<p>You may send an email to the owner requesting consent to use their work. One can easily find the email address on the publisher&#8217;s website. Ensure you start this process early as it may take considerable amount of time (days to months) to obtain permission, depending on the type and amount of material and the responsiveness of the <strong>copyright<\/strong> owner. The email must include the following components:<\/p>\n<p>Precisely indicate the materials that you need to use. State the title of the article, the authors, DOI, and page numbers.<\/p>\n<p>Attach an image or snapshot of the item (image\/table).<\/p>\n<p>You may also share the link that can direct the publisher to the specific item<\/p>\n<p>Mention the number of copies that you wish to create<\/p>\n<p>Specifically mention the exact purpose and nature of the use<\/p>\n<p>Ask if there is any license fee that you need to pay<\/p>\n<p>Certain publishers, such as the Royal Society of Chemistry and Springer, suggest the use of RightsLink to obtain permission to reproduce an item.<\/p>\n<p>It is always wise to not completely rely on oral agreement or consent. It may happen that you and the <strong>copyright<\/strong> owner have misunderstood each other on certain terms or may remember the agreement differently in case a dispute arises. Therefore, one must always get written permissions with all the terms mentioned explicitly.<\/p>\n<h3>Step 4: Cite the original work appropriately<\/h3>\n<p>Once you receive the permissions, acknowledge the original source accurately. You may use the following formats<\/p>\n<p>Reproduced\/Adapted from [Reference] with permission from [<strong>Copyright<\/strong> owner]<\/p>\n<p>Reprinted from [Publication title, Volume\/edition number, Author(s), Title of chapter\/title of article, Page number, <strong>Copyright<\/strong> year] with permission from [<strong>Copyright<\/strong> Owner]<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_to_Know_if_a_Work_is_Copyrighted\"><\/span>How to Know if a Work is Copyrighted<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>It is a known fact that acquiring <strong>copyright<\/strong> permissions is one of the ethical practices of publishing. As stated earlier, <strong>copyright<\/strong> protects original works of authorship. But how to know if a work is <strong>copyright<\/strong>ed?<\/p>\n<p>Following these basic steps will help you in determining whether a work is <strong>copyright<\/strong>ed or not.<\/p>\n<h3>1. Carefully Examine the Work for Copyright Notice<\/h3>\n<p>Almost all <strong>copyright<\/strong>ed works include a <strong>copyright<\/strong> notice. A <strong>copyright<\/strong> notice is generally printed in the beginning of a book, or at the end of the article as a byline.<\/p>\n<h3>2. Search on the Website of the Copyright Office<\/h3>\n<p>You can search the online database by using the title, creator&#8217;s name, or keyword to check which work is <strong>copyright<\/strong>ed.<\/p>\n<h3>3. Find a Copyright Card Catalog<\/h3>\n<p>If the data isn\u2019t available online, you will have to check through the catalogues of a physical library.<\/p>\n<h3>4. Request the Copyright Office to Search<\/h3>\n<p>If all the above steps do not deliver results, you may choose to request the <strong>Copyright<\/strong> Office to search for the <strong>copyright<\/strong> registration. The <strong>copyright<\/strong> office will have a detailed description of the fees that you will need to pay in order to carry out the search.<\/p>\n<p>Have you ever faced any challenges while obtaining <strong>copyright<\/strong> permissions for reusing figures or tables? What were they? Post your queries here and our experts will be happy to assist you! You can also visit our Q&amp;A forum for frequently asked questions related to copyrights answered by our team that comprises eminent researchers and publication experts.<\/p>\n<div style=\"display:flex; gap:10px;justify-content:\" class=\"wps-pgfw-pdf-generate-icon__wrapper-frontend\">\n\t\t<a  href=\"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33189?action=genpdf&amp;id=33189\" class=\"pgfw-single-pdf-download-button\" ><img data-src=\"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/wp-content\/plugins\/pdf-generator-for-wp\/admin\/src\/images\/PDF_Tray.svg\" title=\"Generate PDF\" style=\"width:auto; height:45px;\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" class=\"lazyload\"><\/a>\n\t\t<\/div><script type=\"application\/ld+json\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t{\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"@context\": \"http:\/\/schema.org\",\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"@type\": \"CreativeWorkSeries\",\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"aggregateRating\": {\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"@type\": \"AggregateRating\",\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"bestRating\": \"5\",\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"ratingCount\": \"2\",\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"ratingValue\": \"5\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t},\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"image\": \"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Research-Ethics.jpg\",\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"name\": \"Simple Step-by-Step Guide on How to Get Copyright Permission\",\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"description\": \"Simple Step-by-Step Guide on How to Get Copyright Permission\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/script>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>It is a well-known fact that when authors submit their work to a journal, the&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8233,"featured_media":28082,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[751,754],"tags":[1264,157],"ppma_author":[1912],"class_list":["post-33189","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-publication-stages","category-publication-ethics","tag-copyright-infringement","tag-publication-ethics"],"better_featured_image":{"id":28082,"alt_text":"copyright","caption":"","description":"How do you seek permission to use previously published work? Are copyright permissions necessary for adapting or redrawing a figure?","media_type":"image","media_details":{"width":750,"height":430,"hwstring_small":"height='73' width='128'","file":"2020\/03\/Research-Ethics.jpg","sizes":{"thumbnail":{"file":"Research-Ethics-170x150.jpg","width":170,"height":150,"mime-type":"image\/jpeg","source_url":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Research-Ethics-170x150.jpg"},"medium":{"file":"Research-Ethics-401x230.jpg","width":401,"height":230,"mime-type":"image\/jpeg","source_url":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Research-Ethics-401x230.jpg"},"large":{"file":"Research-Ethics-750x430.jpg","width":750,"height":430,"mime-type":"image\/jpeg","source_url":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Research-Ethics-750x430.jpg"},"publisher-tb1":{"file":"Research-Ethics-86x64.jpg","width":86,"height":64,"mime-type":"image\/jpeg","source_url":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Research-Ethics-86x64.jpg"},"publisher-sm":{"file":"Research-Ethics-210x136.jpg","width":210,"height":136,"mime-type":"image\/jpeg","source_url":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Research-Ethics-210x136.jpg"},"publisher-mg2":{"file":"Research-Ethics-279x220.jpg","width":279,"height":220,"mime-type":"image\/jpeg","source_url":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Research-Ethics-279x220.jpg"},"publisher-md":{"file":"Research-Ethics-357x210.jpg","width":357,"height":210,"mime-type":"image\/jpeg","source_url":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Research-Ethics-357x210.jpg"},"publisher-lg":{"file":"Research-Ethics-750x430.jpg","width":750,"height":430,"mime-type":"image\/jpeg","source_url":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Research-Ethics-750x430.jpg"},"publisher-tall-sm":{"file":"Research-Ethics-180x217.jpg","width":180,"height":217,"mime-type":"image\/jpeg","source_url":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Research-Ethics-180x217.jpg"},"publisher-tall-lg":{"file":"Research-Ethics-267x322.jpg","width":267,"height":322,"mime-type":"image\/jpeg","source_url":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Research-Ethics-267x322.jpg"},"publisher-tall-big":{"file":"Research-Ethics-368x430.jpg","width":368,"height":430,"mime-type":"image\/jpeg","source_url":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Research-Ethics-368x430.jpg"},"Book Review":{"file":"Research-Ethics-320x430.jpg","width":320,"height":430,"mime-type":"image\/jpeg","source_url":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Research-Ethics-320x430.jpg"},"rpwe-thumbnail":{"file":"Research-Ethics-45x45.jpg","width":45,"height":45,"mime-type":"image\/jpeg","source_url":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Research-Ethics-45x45.jpg"}},"image_meta":{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"1","keywords":[]}},"post":29259,"source_url":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Research-Ethics.jpg"},"acf":{"faq_main_heading":"","faq_heading_one":"","faq_heading_two":"","faq_heading_three":"","faq_heading_four":"","faq_heading_five":"","faq_heading_six":"","faq_description_one":"","faq_description_two":"","faq_description_three":"","faq_description_four":"","faq_description_five":"","faq_description_six":""},"views":14011,"single_webinar_page_date":null,"single_webinar_page_time":null,"session_agenda":null,"who_should_attend_this_session":null,"about_the_speaker_field":null,"co-webinar-sec":null,"co_webinar_sec_one":null,"speaker-name":null,"webinar-date":null,"webinar-time":null,"webinar-s-image":null,"custum_webinar_category":null,"authors":[{"term_id":1912,"user_id":8233,"is_guest":0,"slug":"shwetad","display_name":"Dr. Shweta Murudkar","avatar_url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/02e4eedfeaf31b7cb02324bab86bc74581737cec821ca2a40c0f3d36572a6885?s=96&d=identicon&r=g","author_category":"","user_url":"","last_name":"Shweta Murudkar","first_name":"Dr. Shweta Murudkar","job_title":"","description":"Dr. Shweta Murudkar is a published author with several publications in established international journals including Elsevier, Springer, and Taylor &amp; Francis. She pursued her Ph.D. from the Institute of Chemical Technology and worked in collaboration with the Bhabha Atomic Research Centre as part of her doctoral research. Her research expertise includes the fields of molecular biology, genetics, and food biotechnology. Dr. Murudkar began her professional career as a \"Life sciences Educator and Subject-Matter Expert\". She has leveraged her expertise to develop unique context-based solutions to 400+ questions posted by academics worldwide. With her passion for communicating the latest developments in STEM and academic publishing, she aims to continue guiding research scholars at every step of their publication journey and help them build a rewarding career in academia."}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33189","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8233"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=33189"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33189\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/28082"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=33189"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=33189"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=33189"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=33189"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}