{"id":356,"date":"2019-06-24T13:45:10","date_gmt":"2019-06-24T13:45:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/latam\/?p=356"},"modified":"2020-11-30T06:32:45","modified_gmt":"2020-11-30T06:32:45","slug":"active-and-passive-voice-in-academic-writing","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/latam\/active-and-passive-voice-in-academic-writing\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00f3mo usar eficazmente la voz activa y pasiva en la escritura acad\u00e9mica"},"content":{"rendered":"<span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">Reading Time: <\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 3<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">minutes<\/span><\/span><p>Se considera que una oraci\u00f3n est\u00e1 en voz pasiva cuando el sujeto de una oraci\u00f3n es el objeto sobre el que se act\u00faa. La voz activa, por otro lado, es donde el sujeto es el que act\u00faa. En el siglo XX, la voz pasiva era una caracter\u00edstica dominante de la escritura cient\u00edfica; sin embargo, ha habido un cambio perceptible en el consenso en los \u00faltimos a\u00f1os. La mayor\u00eda de las gu\u00edas de escritura (como APA [edici\u00f3n 6, secci\u00f3n 3.18]), apoyan la voz activa para mayor claridad y concisi\u00f3n. Seg\u00fan los estudiosos, la opini\u00f3n general es que la voz pasiva hace que la escritura sea plana e insin\u00faa la evasi\u00f3n de la responsabilidad en cualquier forma, no solo en la escritura cient\u00edfica.<\/p>\n<div id=\"om-wzzlfajevxrlcnktn6az-holder\"><\/div>\n<p><script type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"https:\/\/a.omappapi.com\/app\/js\/api.min.js\" data-campaign=\"wzzlfajevxrlcnktn6az\" data-user=\"41855\" async><\/script><\/p>\n<p>De hecho, algunos eruditos han demostrado que la voz activa era la forma preferida hasta principios del siglo XX, cuando se favoreci\u00f3 la tendencia de la objetividad. Seg\u00fan Ding (1998), en la redacci\u00f3n, el mundo deber\u00eda estar representado esencialmente &#8220;en t\u00e9rminos de objetos, cosas y materiales&#8221;. La voz pasiva puede oscurecer a los agentes y los lectores pueden perder de vista la relevancia de una prosa que est\u00e1 dominada por cosas y objetos. Sin embargo, en el arte de escribir, las opiniones polarizadas a menudo se vuelven irrelevantes y se debe lograr un equilibrio utilizando las dos voces de manera contextual.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em>After all, human agents are responsible for designing experiments\u2026writing awkward phrases to avoid admitting their responsibility and their presence is an odd way of being objective<\/em>. -Jane J. Robinson<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>La APA recomienda que los tiempos verbales y las voces se utilicen con cuidado. Trate de no mostrarse reacio a utilizar la voz activa, especialmente en la secci\u00f3n de Discusi\u00f3n, donde es imperativo expresar que es usted quien supone ciertas cosas y hace evaluaciones espec\u00edficas. En la secci\u00f3n de M\u00e9todos, es satisfactorio romper el aburrimiento de numerosas oraciones de voz pasiva con el uso de la voz activa. Una respuesta en Quora (John Geare, 2015) resume el equilibrio requerido de manera concisa:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em>In academic writing, passive voice is used to describe a process, the results of\u00a0<\/em>study<em>, or similar material which is objective in nature. But\u00a0<\/em>active<em>\u00a0voice is used to describe actions.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>John Geare proporciona un ejemplo espec\u00edfico para aclarar.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em>My colleagues A, B, [names changed] and I, designed an experiment to test the impact on worker perceptions of well-being when domesticated cats were allowed to freely roam various work environments in which the subjects were normally employed. Three test environments were selected for our experiments: a law office, a laboratory in which experiments were performed using laboratory rats, and an automobile assembly line. One-way mirrored glass panels were installed to allow video cameras to record the activity, and researchers to observe the same and take notes. We secretly inserted observers directly into the work environment. These observers posed as outside\u00a0<\/em>contractors,<em>\u00a0and were\u00a0<\/em>uniformed<em>\u00a0as maintenance and cleaning staff, coffee and water service vendors, and similar supporting personnel. The observers were drawn from the students who were matriculated into the experimental psychology courses from which this study had been developed as an example of such studies generally.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-357 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/latam\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/20\/2019\/07\/activandpassive.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"860\" height=\"620\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 860px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 860\/620;\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Puede consultar las referencias para obtener m\u00e1s informaci\u00f3n sobre el uso de voz activa y pasiva en los estilos de escritura.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Vijith Assar (2015, September 3)\u00a0<em>An Interactive Guide To Ambiguous Grammar.\u00a0<\/em>Retrieved from\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.mcsweeneys.net\/articles\/an-interactive-guide-to-ambiguous-grammar\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">https:\/\/www.mcsweeneys.net\/articles\/an-interactive-guide-to-ambiguous-grammar<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Josh Bernoff, WOBS LLC (2016, April 26)\u00a0<em>A passel of pernicious passive voice (Master Post).\u00a0<\/em>Retrieved from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/withoutbullshit.com\/blog\/master-post-passel-pernicious-passive-voice\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">http:\/\/withoutbullshit.com\/blog\/master-post-passel-pernicious-passive-voice<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Duke University Scientific Writing Resource.\u00a0<em>Passive Voice in Scientific Writing.\u00a0<\/em>Retrieved from\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/cgi.duke.edu\/web\/sciwriting\/index.php?action=passive_voice\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">https:\/\/cgi.duke.edu\/web\/sciwriting\/index.php?action=passive_voice<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Leong Ping Alvin (2014, March 13)\u00a0<em>The passive voice in scientific writing. The current norm in science journals<\/em>. Retrieved from\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/jcom.sissa.it\/sites\/default\/files\/documents\/JCOM_1301_2014_A03.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">https:\/\/jcom.sissa.it\/sites\/default\/files\/documents\/JCOM_1301_2014_A03.pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Language and Learning Online.\u00a0<em>Active or passive voice?\u00a0<\/em>Retrieved from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.monash.edu.au\/lls\/llonline\/writing\/general\/lit-reviews\/5.xml\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" class=\"broken_link\">http:\/\/www.monash.edu.au\/lls\/llonline\/writing\/general\/lit-reviews\/5.xml<\/a><\/li>\n<li>John Geare (2015, August 29)\u00a0<em>Why shouldn\u2019t we use a passive voice in academic writing?<\/em>Retrieved from\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.quora.com\/Why-shouldnt-we-use-a-passive-voice-in-academic-writing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" class=\"broken_link\">https:\/\/www.quora.com\/Why-shouldnt-we-use-a-passive-voice-in-academic-writing<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<!-- AddThis Advanced Settings generic via filter on the_content --><!-- AddThis Share Buttons generic via filter on the_content -->","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">Reading Time: <\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 3<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">minutes<\/span><\/span>Se considera que una oraci\u00f3n est\u00e1 en voz pasiva cuando el sujeto de una oraci\u00f3n [&hellip;]<!-- AddThis Advanced Settings generic via filter on get_the_excerpt --><!-- AddThis Share Buttons generic via filter on get_the_excerpt --><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8212,"featured_media":359,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[36,33],"tags":[70],"ppma_author":[195],"class_list":["post-356","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-language-and-grammar","category-reporting-research","tag-active-vs-passive-voice"],"acf":[],"single_webinar_page_date":null,"single_webinar_page_time":null,"session_agenda":null,"who_should_attend_this_session":null,"about_the_speaker_field":null,"co-webinar-sec":null,"co_webinar_sec_one":null,"speaker-name":null,"webinar-date":null,"webinar-time":null,"webinar-s-image":null,"custum_webinar_category":null,"authors":[{"term_id":195,"user_id":8212,"is_guest":0,"slug":"latameditor","display_name":"latameditor","avatar_url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/a9da5b9b2a636c5a99ad42885d4a2303d2670b561687dc14cf44436d79630c4f?s=96&d=mm&r=g","author_category":"","first_name":"","last_name":"","user_url":"","job_title":"","description":""}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/latam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/356","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/latam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/latam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/latam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8212"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/latam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=356"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/latam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/356\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":26826,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/latam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/356\/revisions\/26826"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/latam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/359"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/latam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=356"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/latam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=356"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/latam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=356"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/latam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=356"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}